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В этой статье мы проанализируем код одной из самых известных в мире игр: Grand Theft Auto Vice City. Это игра, на которой мы выросли. Хотя с момента её выпуска прошло более двадцати лет, код игры по-прежнему нас восхищает. Он не только хорошо работает на CPU с частотой 300 МГц (поскольку изначально его писали для PlayStation 2), но и обеспечивает игровой процесс без экранов загрузки сегментов карты, несмотря на ограничение в 32 МБ ОЗУ.

Здесь стоит упомянуть, что мы будем рассматривать не оригинальный исходный код, написанный Rockstar, а код на C++, полученный реверс-инжинирингом двоичных файлов игры. Мы поговорим о специфике эпохи PS2, почему игра почти никогда не распределяет память, о том, что весь город состоит из 25 пешеходов и 12 машин, обсудим работу физики и распознавание коллизий. В игре даже есть используемая для трюков система реплеев, которой для записи всех движущихся вокруг игрока объектов хватает одного мегабайта памяти.

Кроме того, Rockstar реализовала точно ту же механику работы с данными, что и в современных ECS-движках: целое число, в котором упакованы индекс слота и счётчик поколений, благодаря чему устаревшая ссылка ни на что не указывает.

В конце мы поговорим о знаменитых читах игры и о том, как она боролась с пиратством, ломая снайперскую винтовку, создавая ураган или даже повреждая данные сохранений.

«Отвечаешь за результат» — это фраза, которую используют, чтобы управлять нами через чувство вины. Нас оценивают по показателям, которые зависят от десятков факторов вне вашего контроля. Нас мотивируют «ответственностью перед командой», чтобы мы брали на себя дополнительную работу, работали по выходным и молчали о проблемах. А когда результат не достигается, мы чувствуем себя виноватым, хотя объективно не могли повлиять на половину обстоятельств.

В этой статье я разбираю, как манипуляция ответственностью превращает нас в выученного беспомощного, и что делать, чтобы перестать быть должником и стать автором своей карьеры.

Поделюсь своими мыслями о том:

- Почему требовать ответственности за результат — это психологическая ловушка, а не управленческая мудрость.
- Чем «отвечать перед командой» отличается от добровольного выбора действовать в интересах общего дела, и почему первое ведёт к выгоранию, а второе — к устойчивой мотивации.
- Есть ли способ не молчать и не взрываться, когда мы не согласны, и как он связан с принятием ответственности.
- Как Разумные Истории, которые мы рассказываем себе о других, искажают реальность и лишают нас ответственности.
- Почему создание безопасности для собеседника — это не слабость, а самый сильный акт ответственности и эффективный способ управления процессом.

Культурная перспектива — это подход к изучению и пониманию организации, который объясняет ее идентичность, как носителя уникальной системы разделяемых смыслов, ценностей и убеждений, что, в свою очередь, оказывает значительное влияние на поведение аффилированных с ней людей. В организационной теории сложилось несколько объяснительных парадигм, которые по-разному трактуют, что есть организационная культура и как ее необходимо изучать. Одну из них мы рассмотрели в первой части. Еще одна — Интерпретативная, пришедшая из культурной антропологии, предлагает рассматривать Культуру не как ресурс, а как коренную метафору. В этой парадигме все смысловые конструкции переворачиваются с ног на голову: Организация не обладает культурой — она и есть сама культура.

The European champions’ squad is falling apart … because of the men’s team’s struggles with financial fair play

The joy of lifting all four trophies in 2025-26 has been short-lived for Barcelona’s women’s team as they face a second consecutive summer exodus.

If winning the Champions League is not enough to retain players then you have to wonder what is. Seven players have left the European champions so far with 19-year-old Renee van Asten from Ajax the only arrival.

This is an extract from our free email about women’s football, Moving the Goalposts. To get the full edition, visit this page and follow the instructions. Moving the Goalposts will be sent out once a week, on Wednesdays, in the close season but will be back on Tuesdays and Thursdays from September.

Про AI-агентов для кода обычно рассказывают одну и ту же историю: разработчик открывает терминал, пишет промпт – агент правит файлы. Koda Desktop начинался ровно с этого, но по дороге выяснилось: окно с агентом, проектами и понятными действиями нужно куда большему числу людей, чем терминал.

Сегодня представляем Koda Desktop [beta] –  настольное приложение, в котором можно открыть локальный проект, говорить с агентом обычным языком, прикладывать документы и скриншоты, безопасно принимать изменения и работать с Git – в одном окне.

Isabel Rose, 26, sentenced to six years for blackmail and perverting course of public justice over her allegations against British man

A British woman who reported being raped to police in Hong Kong has been sentenced to six years in prison for blackmail and perverting the course of public justice.

Isabel Rose, 26, from south-east London, travelled to Hong Kong in early 2024 to visit a British banker she had met while travelling in south-east Asia.

Anthony Albanese will cast ‘practical’ policies as the key to countering the anxiety and frustration in Australia

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Students in 10 fields including physiotherapy, speech pathology and clinical psychology will receive financial assistance to complete mandatory placements under a major expansion of the federal government’s paid work experience program.

The prime minister, Anthony Albanese, will make the announcement in a speech to open the Labor national conference on Thursday, which will cast “practical” policies as the key to combating the anxiety and frustration gripping the electorate.

Isabel Rose, 26, sentenced to six years for blackmail and perverting course of public justice over her allegations against British man

A British woman who reported being raped to police in Hong Kong has been sentenced to six years in prison for blackmail and perverting the course of public justice.

Isabel Rose, 26, from south-east London, travelled to Hong Kong in early 2024 to visit a British banker she had met while travelling in south-east Asia.

Месяц назад закончилась тренировка DATA DOJO от Яндекса. Здесь я бы хотел рассказать про ключевые аспекты соревнования, моё решение на топ-6%, авторские идеи и, конечно, про реальный путь к победе.

Привет, Хабр! Автор этой статьи — Александр, аналитик Directum Projects, и у него для вас провокационный вопрос: «Кто не любит деньги?». Пока вы думаете об ответе, дадим свою версию. Это руководитель проекта.

При разработке проектов на небольших VPS часто возникает ситуация, когда процесс mysqld загружает процессор на 100%. Обычно в такие моменты приходится заходить по SSH, открывать консоль бд и вручную вводить SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST;, чтобы найти тяжелый запрос и завершить его через KILL. Если запросов много, делать это вручную через стандартный вывод не всегда удобно.

Это легковесный интерактивный CLI - менеджер процессов, который работает на базе асинхронного драйвера aiomysql. Он опрашивает системную таблицу information_schema.processlist и выводит текущую активность в терминал в виде таблицы, позволяя управлять потоками СУБД.

2021й. Очередная смена компании. Взглянув на рынок, решил перейти из фулстек дотнета + джс в крипто-разработчики. Соответственно, нужен был проект "в портфолио", чтобы заинтересовать эйчаров и технарей. Было таких несколько:

a. Raffle - лотерея с некоторыми ограничениями (подсказали эйчары). Как тестовое - неплоха: задачка простая, сразу понятная, при этом по коду уже можно оценить архитектурные навыки: тут тебе и прокси, и интерфейсы, и подключение к сторонней системе, и отложенные транзакции (запрос случайного числа), и оптимизация хранилища. На тот момент такого вполне хватало, чтобы зацепить работодателей.

б. On-chain NFT - собственно, NFT, которые хранятся и, соответственно, "отрисовываются" полностью on-chain, т.е никаких ipfs и сторонних серверов не требуется, а следовательно коллекция будет жить вечно (пока майнеры майнят). Для этого картинка должна быть svg, который в коде переводишь в base64, как и json аттрибуты, согласно спецификации OpenSea.

...

в. Мой Пет, он же Shept - chrome(-ium) browser(s) extension, в котором можно оставлять комменты ко всему, что имеет URL (например, к этой статье, или к моему гитхабу, или к инсте твоей бывшей). А так же можно и заработать на этом, если ты - первый, кто написал "ххй" на странице: с будущих активностей на странице ты будешь иметь процент. Комментарии физически нельзя стереть, удалить, заменить, и даже если остановить смарты и затереть внутренние связи, комментарии все равно можно будет прочитать, зная адрес смарта и интерфейс события, в котором хранятся данные. Это вкратце, подробнее есть в whitepaper, а ниже - параграф про $100k+ и прикольные оптимизации Solidity.

In 2019, the AI researcher Rich Sutton published a short essay called “The Bitter Lesson.” Seventy years of AI research, he argued, kept demonstrating the same thing: The most effective ways to train AI rely on raw, brute-force computing power — simply scaling up — rather than clever approaches built on human insight. It didn’t matter how elegant the researchers’ work was. More compute would win every time. It’s a bitter lesson because, well, no one wants to accept that even the best efforts can go unrewarded.

This summer, climate change has been teaching its own kind of bitter lesson. Last week smoke from out-of-control Canadian wildfires reached more than 120 million Americans, sending out air quality alerts across 18-plus states from Minnesota to Virginia. Those wildfires, which were made more likely by the effects of climate change, followed record-breaking heat waves in Europe that contributed to the deaths of thousands of people.

Disasters like these inevitably renew calls for climate action, but no current US emissions policy, no amount of carbon cutting now, could clear the air, just as nothing Europe has done on climate — and it has done more than any other region, at no small cost — could protect it from those killer temperatures. Not this summer, not this decade, not the one after. The steps countries take now to reduce carbon emissions, to mitigate climate change, will not protect them from the present-day effects of climate change.

That’s the bitter lesson of climate change, and 2026 is the summer it has become unignorable. The dangerous effects we’ve been warned about are here, locked in on every timescale that matters to the people living through them. We can’t prevent the worst from happening right now, so we need to figure out how we’re going to adapt to it. 

The smoke we can’t stop

Canadian wildfire smoke is as close to an unstoppable disaster as exists today. The fires are Canada’s, the ignition is mostly lightning, the fuel is a subcontinent of boreal forest no fire agency can manage, and the whole system sits outside US jurisdiction. While strategies like prescribed burning and forest thinning can help reduce the wildfires that crop up in the western US, the sheer scale of Canadian forests makes such management far more difficult, maybe impossible. There is no timescale on which American mitigation clears American air of Canadian wildfire smoke. 

What this means is that for this wildfire smoke, at this moment, adaptation may be all there is.

American law has already conceded the point. Under the Clean Air Act’s Exceptional Events Rule, a state can petition the Environmental Protection Agency to strike wildfire-smoke days from the record used to judge whether its air is legally clean. In other words, the official response to one of the country’s fastest-growing air-quality threats is to delete it from the ledger. 

It’s true that climate attribution science ties heat waves to warming with the highest confidence of any extreme, while wildfire is messier — a compound event filtered through ignition, fuel, and fire weather. But fire seasons are lengthening, fuels are drying, and the most extreme wildfire events on Earth more than doubled between 2003 and 2023. The pattern is intensifying fire in particular regions — the boreal north among them — and the smoke goes where the wind says.

And that smoke is worse than it looks. Wildfire PM2.5 — the microscopic particles that are particularly dangerous —  is roughly three to four times more toxic to the lungs, per unit of mass, than ordinary urban particulate matter. During major smoke events, pediatric asthma visits can spike by more than 30 percent, and Harvard researchers have found the cardiorespiratory damage persists for months after the sky turns blue again. That’s especially dangerous for vulnerable populations like babies and pregnant women.

We can’t affect the winds, we struggle to stop the fires, and any current attempt to reduce warming enough to make those infernos less likely won’t be felt for years. But that doesn’t mean we’re helpless to protect ourselves from wildfire smoke, any more than we are from extreme heat.

We can purify indoor air, and it costs less than you probably think. Strap four furnace filters to a box fan — creating a Corsi-Rosenthal box — and indoor PM2.5 drops by roughly half; in testing during actual wildfire smoke, a DIY unit cut fine particles by about 56 percent in a large room and close to 99 percent in a small sealed one.

For heat, the toolkit is even better known — and one of the best proofs it works is in, of all places, France. The historic 2003 heat wave killed some 15,000 people there, most of them elderly and alone. The national heat plan built in its aftermath — tiered alerts, registries of vulnerable residents, check-in calls, cool rooms — cut the death toll of comparable heat waves by roughly 90 percent: When France hit its all-time record of 114.8°F in 2019, fewer than 1,500 died, per the Christian Science Monitor. A recent European analysis estimates a rerun of 2003 would now kill 77 percent fewer people in France than in a world that never adapted.

So technologies exist to protect ourselves. What’s too often missing are the standards, money, and the drive to deploy protection before the disaster arrives instead of after.

Catching up to today

When it comes to wildfire smoke, some governments are ahead of the game — and some aren’t. Washington state, Oregon, and California now regulate outdoor workers’ smoke exposure by air-quality index, under rules like Cal/OSHA’s wildfire-smoke standard; California funds “clean air centers” with upgraded filtration where people can shelter on bad-air days; Colorado’s Clean Air for Schools program ships free HEPA units to K-12 classrooms. A purifier humming in a classroom is essentially doing for smoke what a cooling center does for heat.

When it comes to heat, some parts of Europe are catching up. Barcelona now runs a network of nearly 400 “climate shelters” — libraries, museums, retrofitted schoolyards — with the goal of putting one within a 10-minute walk of every resident. For the first time, the city is keeping libraries open through August to do it, which, as anyone who has visited Europe in the late summer knows, is no small thing.

So adaptation exists, and it is saving lives. But this summer has also shown what happens when cities, states, and countries aren’t ready. 

In the US, the Midwestern and Northeastern states that spent last week under smoke alerts have almost none of the protections against wildfire smoke that have become more common in Western states, and no one is required to build them, because the country has no enforceable national indoor air-quality standard at all. In Europe, national heat plans are still reluctant to reach for the most powerful tool on the shelf. About one European household in five has air conditioning, compared to nearly nine in ten in the US, in large part because much of the continent still treats the machine as a moral defect. 

In both cases, rich regions that have largely taken climate mitigation more seriously than some of their neighbors aren’t pursuing adaptations they need. Which really means not taking climate change as seriously as they should. 

Accepting the bitter lesson

For a generation, adaptation was the word climate advocates were often reluctant to say out loud. In his 1992 book Earth in the Balance, Al Gore called adaptation “a kind of laziness, an arrogant faith in our ability to react in time to save our skins.” (He later changed his mind.) And in fairness, “we’ll just adapt” has often been a delaying tactic, an easy out for polluters. 

But the ground has shifted under that caution, because the projections did exactly what projections are supposed to do: they came true. 

Longer fire seasons, deadlier heat waves, smoke reaching places that never used to see it — this summer is the confirmation. And that changes what seriousness requires. If you’ve spent decades warning people that the effects of climate change are coming, you can’t treat readying for those effects as a distraction from the real work. None of this argues for easing up on emissions — each ton that isn’t emitted is adaptation nobody has to build. But preparing for what you predicted is what believing your own prediction looks like.

For AI researchers, Rich Sutton’s lesson was bitter for a specific reason. Those who resisted its conclusion weren’t foolish; they resisted it because it seemed to undercut all their hard work. They resisted it because it didn’t seem fair, just as it’s not fair that countries and states that have in many ways done much to mitigate climate change find themselves just as vulnerable, if not more so, than peers that have done comparatively little. 

But here’s the other half of Sutton’s lesson: The researchers who accepted it won. They stopped defending their cleverness and built what worked. That option is open to climate politics too. The atmosphere isn’t fair, but it is consistent, and it will deliver next summer’s version of this one on schedule. We can be ready. The bitter lesson is only bitter until you have the will to act on it. 

A version of this story originally appeared in the Future Perfect newsletter. Sign up here!

Clear frontrunner leaves lucrative role at New York’s Dia Art Foundation to join UK arts organisation at critical juncture

Jessica Morgan has been confirmed as the new director of Tate, marking her return to the arts organisation where she worked as a curator for more than a decade, at a critical juncture in its history.

Morgan, the clear frontrunner in the race to replace Maria Balshaw, who left this spring after nine years in charge, is currently based in New York, where she has led the Dia Art Foundation since 2015.

Nationality in football has never been so complex and the influence of players from the diaspora has never been higher at a World Cup

“Nationality says where you come from. And I actually come from four countries: France, Algeria, Nigeria and Great Britain. I consider myself very lucky to possess these four parts, which all enrich me.” This view was given by Michael Olise. He set up seven goals at the World Cup, breaking Pelé’s record for the most assists at a single edition of the tournament. And he did so for France, one of four countries he was eligible to represent, but not the one in which he was born.

The influence of players from the diaspora has never been higher at the World Cup. Four years ago, 16.5% of the players at the tournament were born in different nations from those for whom they played. That represented a 5.1% increase on 2018 and was the previous high for the tournament. No longer. Almost a quarter (23.6%) of the 1,248 players named in squads this year were selected by countries other than their birthplace. This proportion remained broadly consistent for the contribution these players made towards the minutes played, assists provided and goals scored. In a 48-team, 104-match tournament, these are big numbers.

The billionaire says the AI-generated film will stay true to Homer’s original, after repeatedly criticising Christopher Nolan’s blockbuster over its casting choices

Elon Musk has said his AI platform Grok Imagine will make a “historically accurate” adaptation of Homer’s Odyssey, after the success of Christopher Nolan’s blockbusting treatment which the SpaceX founder has regularly criticised over its casting.

In a post on X, Musk said: “Before this year ends, Grok Imagine will make a full-length movie of The Odyssey that is historically accurate and true to the art of Homer.” Musk also linked to a post containing a three-minute clip of footage that the user said had been generated from Grok Imagine, showing a scene between Odysseus and the nymph Calypso.

Clear frontrunner leaves lucrative role at New York’s Dia Art Foundation to join UK arts organisation at critical juncture

Jessica Morgan has been confirmed as the new director of Tate, marking her return to the arts organisation where she worked as a curator for more than a decade, at a critical juncture in its history.

Morgan, the clear frontrunner in the race to replace Maria Balshaw, who left this spring after nine years in charge, is currently based in New York, where she has led the Dia Art Foundation since 2015.

Simple spices, fresh coconut and a handful of lentils or nuts is enough to transform leaves normally destined for the compost

Poriyal is south India’s version of sauteed spiced vegetables, and it can be made with just about any vegetable, though green beans or a leafy green such as spinach, moringa or amaranth are most commonly used. The vegetables are fried with onions and spices, a spoon of urad dal is added for texture (if you don’t have urad dal, a handful of cashews makes a delicious alternative), and it’s finished with a grating of fresh coconut. This fragrant, spicy and flavoursome side dish also works brilliantly with the earthy flavour of beetroot leaves, and I like to serve it with boiled beetroot, yoghurt, chapatis or/and rice.

A scholar has an existential crisis while researching the life of a composer in the Russian director’s Italy-set 1983 masterwork

Andrei Tarkovsky’s 1983 film is a mysterious, imagist cine-poem about alienation and belonging, whose title means a yearning not simply for a lost time or lost place but for something, anything, else – with a profound anguished sense that the here-and-now of existence is unsatisfactory.

The movie takes something from the poetry of the director’s father Arseny Tarkovsky, which is quoted in the film. A distinguished Russian scholar is in Italy to research the life of the (fictional) Russian composer Pavel Sosnovsky who is supposed to have travelled there before being overwhelmed by homesick longing and returning to the motherland. His beautiful, flirtatious interpreter is reading Tarkovsky’s poetry in an Italian translation, and the Russian coldly tells her to throw the book away: “Poetry is untranslatable, like the whole of art.” Does he really mean that? This movie is itself, in a way, translated; it is set in Italy and co-written by Tarkovsky with the veteran Italian screenwriter Tonino Guerra, who worked with Fellini and Antonioni. (Like Jean-Claude Carrière, Guerra, who died in 2012, was a prolific collaborator in European cinema.)

A Sunday morning Prom showcases the magnificent RAH instrument, but the organ’s not just for Bach – check out pioneering musicians from Jonny Greenwood to Kali Malone. Plus, Igor Levit is cancelled – and at the top of the German charts

It has 9,999 pipes, it’s 155 years old and 21m high. You can see it, but not always hear it, at every single London prom. I’m talking of course about the Willis organ in the Royal Albert Hall, which takes centre stage this weekend on Sunday morning’s recital by French organist Olivier Latry.

With his mostly Bach programme, Latry’s recital represents the core of the organ’s repertoire, music that has been heard in cathedrals and on concert hall organs for centuries. It will be magnificent in the building-shaking flesh on Sunday morning, but my assurances might not be enough to convince non-organ fans that they should forgo a lazy Sunday morning and head to South Kensington.

• 26-year-old looking forward to working with Maresca

• ‘To stay this long at the club is a dream really,’ he says

Phil Foden has signed a new four-year contract with Manchester City, saying he is looking forward to “trying to win more” at his boyhood club.

The fresh deal, which has an additional 12-month option, ties the 26-year-old to the club until 2030. Foden is relishing working again with Enzo Maresca. The new City manager was Pep Guardiola’s assistant during the 2022-23 treble-winning season.

Stephen Miller warned of a leftwing ‘cancer’ threatening civilization. As a critical care doctor, I have a response to his diagnosis

The presumption that US elections are legitimate died last week in Washington. It was 237 years old. It did not die of one wound. It died of three, inflicted in a single day, in daylight, on the record. And the country, running to the loudest of them, never examined the one most likely to kill.

In critical care we distinguish the mechanism of death from its cause. The mechanism was a Thursday. The cause was chronic, progressive and untreated.

Robert B Shpiner is a clinical professor of medicine in pulmonary and critical care at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA

Инструменты статического анализа (SAST) лишь подсвечивают вероятные уязвимости, генерируя гипотезы. Динамическое тестирование (DAST) и фаззинг, напротив, выявляют реальные сбои на работающем приложении и фиксируют вектор атаки, но не указывают на конкретную строку в исходниках. Традиционно эти два подхода существуют в изоляции, образуя методологический разрыв, преодолеть который способен только AppSec-эксперт путем кропотливого ручного триажа.

В этой статье мы расскажем про то, как в INFERA AI.SafeCode уменьшаем поток ложных срабатываний в целом, зачем для этого формируем единый реестр знаний о проекте, и как строим мост от SAST к автоматически подтверждаемой уязвимости.

Trust that treated Valdo Calocane, who killed three people in 2023, sectioned him four times between 2020 and 2022

The NHS trust that treated the triple killer Valdo Calocane in the years before the Nottingham attacks is being investigated by police for corporate manslaughter.

Calocane, who has paranoid schizophrenia, was sentenced to an indefinite hospital order after he fatally stabbed the 19-year-old students Barnaby Webber and Grace O’Malley Kumar, and the 65-year-old caretaker Ian Coates, on 13 June 2023.

Талант даётся при рождении. Без связей ничего не выйдет. Нужна удача. Без денег не начать. Знакомо? Это четыре мифа, в которые я верил годами — и потерял из-за них кучу времени.

Потом я заметил закономерность: убеждения людей коррелируют с их достижениями. А ещё позже узнал, что почти дословно переоткрыл теорию локуса контроля, сформулированную психологом Джулианом Роттером ещё в 1954 году.