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Dozens of prisons were built in Britain between 1842 and 1877, many of which are still in use today. For more than 20 years, Andy Aitchison has photographed behind the walls. His book Incarcerated explores how Victorian prison infrastructure has persisted, and what these old buildings mean for the people who live and work inside

What is now HMP Lincoln opened at the end of the most prolific period of prison construction in British history, when 90 prisons were built or significantly expanded between 1842 and 1877. Here, observes the introductory essay to Incarcerated, “was the Victorian faith in ‘progress’, rendered in bricks and mortar and applied to the challenge of remaking those who had set themselves against law and society”.

John, from E wing at HMP Lincoln, has dementia and spends his days shouting and screaming in his cell. When he gets out into the exercise yard he sits in silence and enjoys the space, fresh air and sunshine

У большинства разработчиков, не работающих с ИИ, ментальная модель RAG либо ошибочна, либо опасно неполна. И дело не в том, что они плохие инженеры, — просто почти всё, что написано про RAG, это либо десятиминутный туториал по фреймворку, за которым не видно ни одного реального решения, либо научная статья для тех, кто и так занимается этим профессионально. Между этими крайностями почти ничего нет.

Эта статья — как раз то, что между ними. Недавно я собрал продакшн-систему RAG поверх 62 книг по античной истории (~46 000 чанков) и проверил каждое проектное решение на фиксированном тестовом наборе — включая те решения, которые не сработали. Я пропущу маркетинг фреймворков и расскажу о тех немногих вещах, которые действительно определяют, можно ли доверять вашей RAG-системе, — и подкреплю всё цифрами.

Всем привет, меня зовут Лев Рябов, я фронтенд-разработчик в М2 Tech. После прочтения этой статьи вы поймете, что чтобы во всём разобраться, знания ML не нужны. Если вы умеете писать REST API и делать запросы к PostgreSQL, вы сможете построить всё, что здесь описано.

У меня было 48 часов видеозаписей учебного курса и простая мысль: пересматривать это я не буду никогда. Сырой транскрипт немногим лучше — болото на сотни страниц. Я собрал конвейер, который превратил записи в Obsidian-вики: 47 связанных статей, и каждое утверждение в любой из них — в двух кликах от места в записи, где это было сказано.

Введение

Сегодня большинство компаний сталкиваются с серьезной проблемой: данные в их информационных системах постоянно деградируют, а традиционные подходы к очистке не дают необходимого эффекта. В результате организации вынуждены постоянно проводить дорогостоящие процессы дедупликации и нормализации, отвлекая ресурсы компании от основной деятельности.

Современный подход — применение технологий искусственного интеллекта и машинного обучения. Гибридные модели классификации, семантический поиск на основе языковых моделей, интеллектуальная экстракция характеристик — эти инструменты позволяют не просто автоматизировать процесс нормализации, но и обогащать данные, обучаясь на реальных примерах работы пользователей.

В этой статье мы разберем, какие задачи решают современные AI/ML-инструменты, почему они эффективнее традиционных методов и как их внедрение трансформирует управление данными в организации.

In today’s newsletter: The Spanish prime minister has remade himself as Europe’s leading leftwing standard-bearer. Could his success offer the UK’s PM a route forward?

Good morning. To international onlookers, Pedro Sánchez appears to have achieved the impossible. Where other European leftist and left-ish premiers have flopped and flailed, the Spanish PM has endured.

Since June 2018, Sánchez has ruled from Madrid, implementing a raft of progressive policies. More recently, he has emerged as a leading, and often lone, left-wing European voice on the global stage, striking a defiant tone on everything from the Trump administration’s war in Iran (“the smokescreen of war to hide their failure”) to Israel’s actions in Gaza (“exterminating a defenceless people”). The fact that the international press has nicknamed him El Guapo (the handsome one) can’t hurt.

UK economy | The UK should expect to see a new cost of living crisis, with official figures released this week by the ONS expected to show how soaring energy bills drove up inflation close to 3% in July.

Ceuta | Moroccan police arrested 111 people this weekend, who were trying to enter Spain’s north African territory of Ceuta, amid tightened security on both sides after social media posts called for another mass crossing.

Jason Arday | The University of Cambridge has defended its mental health support for the academic Jason Arday.

UK politics | Andy Burnham is being urged to protect 4 million gig economy workers, who thinktanks warn miss out on key statutory rights including: parental leave, redundancy pay and protection against unfair dismissal.

Indonesia | Rescue crews dug through collapsed buildings and landslide debris in eastern Indonesia on Sunday, searching for bodies after a powerful earthquake killed at least 51 people, and injured more than 100.

Sánchez understands that anchoring his party to the left … is where he can govern.

Monday | Nominations close for candidates seeking to replace Anas Sarwar as Scottish Labour leader.

Tuesday | Opening arguments expected to begin in a lawsuit brought by multiple US states against Meta about social media addiction.

Thursday | Students in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland will receive their GCSE results.

В современных процессорах память — это чудо. Существует уйма технологий, позволяющих пользоваться компьютером так, как мы это делаем каждый день.

В этой статье я постарался рассказать, как же все-таки работает кэш, страничная (виртуальная) память и так далее.

Сегодня разберу ЕМИАС - приложение для пациентов гос.поликлиник. Работает пока только в Москве. Но в целом идеи применимы ко всем приложениям подобного рода. До этого пользовалась SmartMed и СОГАЗ по ДМС.

В сфере медицины я вижу большой потенциал и челлендж. С одной стороны хочется помочь врачам, чтобы они больше времени смогли уделять работе с пациентом, а не на поиски и сопоставление разрозненной информации. С другой стороны - пациентам, у которых нет и не должно быть глубоких знаний, но они должны понимать, что происходит с их здоровьем. А особую боль у меня вызывают случаи, когда годами не могут постановить диагноз, или вообще делают операцию зря. Не потому, что я считаю, что приложение способно поставить диагноз лучше врача, а потому, что нормальная цифровая история болезни хотя бы не должна заставлять пациента быть единственным человеком, который помнит, что с ним происходило последние несколько лет.

Привет! Меня зовут Маша, я Senior Product Manager и разбираю только те продукты, над которыми сама хотела бы поработать, так как ими пользуюсь, люблю и вижу, где есть потенциал роста. Мне драйвово искать для них решения, которые выводят продукт на новый уровень не только по деньгам, но и по UX и любви пользователей. Мои другие разборы: Яндекс.Музыка: как нарисовать красивые метрики, испортив продукт и ВкусВилл: UX, который покоряет, и ложка дёгтя в офлайне. В этой статье поделюсь какие UX-барьеры есть сейчас в приложении госполиклиник и как их можно было бы улучшить.

The new measure falls short of calls for gambling ads to move to an opt-in model, or for an outright ban

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The Labor government has pledged a new single-service opt-out register for gambling ads – an idea similar to the Do Not Call register for spam calls – as part of amendments to its wagering ad bill, as well as restrictions on inducements and limiting commissions for agents.

The communications minister, Anika Wells, has also confirmed gambling companies will face a new levy to pay for the register, a beefed-up measure to curb wagering ads, after concerns were raised through a Senate inquiry that people would struggle to find or complete individual opt-out options on each online service.

President Trump explained the decision by saying South Korea had declined to help with the "denuclearization" of Iran and he cited his good relationship with North Korea's leader.

(Image credit: Julia Demaree Nikhinson)

Понятие «полезная модель» подразумевает, как правило, более простой и дешевый, по сравнению с изобретением, способ защиты технических решений, которые по каким-либо причинам не могут получить защиту в качестве последнего. Режим охраны в качестве полезной модели часто выручает заявителей в тех случаях, когда разработка «не дотягивает» до уровня изобретения или когда заявитель выпускает на рынок устройство, жизненный цикл которого довольно короток, и важно получить на него охранный документ как можно быстрее, не растягивая экспертизу на годы. Подобный режим охраны признают не все страны — например, получить патент на полезную модель в США, Великобритании или Канаде невозможно —  однако те из них, где полезные модели существуют как категория (а таких на сегодняшнее время насчитывается более 70), хотя и представляются более привлекательными для малого и среднего бизнеса, но уже который год (за исключением Китая) переживают спад изобретательской активности в данном сегменте и нуждаются в модернизации соответствующей части законодательства. Сегодня на примере отдельных стран вместе с патентным поверенным Анной Чернецовой постараемся разобраться, с чем это связано.

Mark Nelson released from immigration detention on bail after lawyers challenge decision to remove him

A Jamaican man who has lived more than half his life in the UK and was facing imminent deportation has been allowed to reunite with his British family after a legal challenge.

Mark Nelson, 47, came to the UK in 2000 and later set up his own car-mechanic business. He has five British children and a British partner. He faced deportation in 2022 after serving a four-year prison sentence for possession with intent to supply a class B drug, abstracting electricity and two offences of racially aggravated intentional harassment. He had not committed any further offences.

Extreme weather has raised the significance of Cop17 talks starting this week on tackling drought and land degradation

As swathes of the northern hemisphere bake in what could be the hottest year on record, with wildfires blazing across North America and Europe and heatwaves afflicting millions across Asia, the UN’s bi-annual talks on desertification have assumed much greater importance – and have started attracting more money.

Work will begin this week on allocating more than $12bn (£8.9bn) to vulnerable countries to help them deal with drought and land degradation, when scores of countries gather in Mongolia for Cop17.

Привет, Хабр! (И тебе, IT-шник, который хочет разобраться, что в 2026 вообще здесь происходит? Сейчас разберёмся, но легче тебе от этого не станет).

Сегодня будем препарировать весь IT рынок России на более чем 100 тысяч вакансий со всевозможных площадок. По-настоящему полная и честная аналитика. С графиками, цифрами и верой в светлое будущее...

Здесь будет всё, зарплаты, актуальные стеки и то что уже никому не нужно, прогнозы, тренды, и многое другое, будет интересно...

It’s vital that Yvette Cooper’s taskforce acts on the Amos and Ockenden reports – and puts the needs of women and families at the heart of maternity services

It is hard to find the words to describe the agony for those who have experienced preventable baby loss, injury or maternal death. Understandably, families who have been through this have campaigned relentlessly for local and national investigations. Every family deserves to know what caused their loss or trauma, but current and past reviews have failed to deliver on resolution and accountability.

The vital debate about how to ensure safe maternity care has intensified since the publication of two reports, led by Valerie Amos and Donna Ockenden, and the appointment of Yvette Cooper as secretary of state for health and social care, offering a golden opportunity for system-wide change. “I want to make it a personal crusade to put the cradle back at the heart of the NHS,” Cooper told the Guardian last week, adding that she was committed to introducing a new national maternity commissioner.

Julia Sanders is professor of clinical midwifery at Cardiff University and was an expert adviser to the national maternity and neonatal investigation led by Valerie Amos

A sweet, tangy and spicy chicken dish that matches well with crisp fried potatoes and apricot-glazed spring onions

I use this exact cooking method to make every kind of traybaked chicken, and this one is a blend of store-cupboard staples with the addition of fresh lime to push the flavour. Then, I love hash browns, röstis and latkes – give me crispy fried potatoes of any description, and I’m a happy girl – but I won’t lie and tell you that I love frying, because, if I can avoid it, I do: it’s messy, greasy, smelly and uses a fair bit of oil, which is pretty costly. But how to produce a perfectly crispy latke by baking? Well, I’ve managed to do it, and I’m really happy with the results.

The Guardian’s fashion editor on tips for the well-dressed man to the ethical issues of fast fashion, how to wear jewellery and whether Andy Burnham looks good

PetertheGray asks: Why are so many high end items made from synthetic fibres? And are synthetics always bad?

Jess:

The answer to the first part of your question is just, price. As to the second part - as a rule of thumb, natural fibres are a sustainable choice. Virgin polyester - which is made from oil, and doesn’t biodegrade - is to be avoided. But there are also sustainable synthetic fibres. Look out for Tencel, which is the most common brand name for a fabric called lyocell, which is made from wood pulp, and is biodegradable.

I commend both of you for having figured out what you like and what suits you. That’s the hardest part. My personal bugbear front-fastening trousers where the ‘hidden’ hook-and-eye fastening is too close to the edge of the fabric so the metal keeps showing. Drives me insane.

Research from King’s College London finds that Reform voters’ perceptions were furthest from the truth

The public overestimate how many minority ethnic people are killers, as well as how many foreign national offenders there are, a new study has found.

The research from King’s College London tested knowledge and perceptions of crime at a time when radical right parties are trying to link offending to ethnicity and nationality to gain votes.

Parents of Michaela Hall, whose partner killed her after he left prison in 2021, say Probation Service cannot cope with mass release

More women will die if ministers include domestic abusers in the early prison release scheme, the parents of a woman murdered by her partner shortly after he was freed have warned.

Michaela Hall, a 49-year-old charity worker, was killed in her home in Cornwall, by Lee Kendall in 2021 two weeks after he was released from prison, where he had been serving a sentence for assaulting her.

Panettiere’s death was announced by her father, who called her ‘an incredible light and a force of nature who brought immeasurable love and joy’

• Hayden Panettiere – a life in pictures

• Hayden Panettiere: an actor so magnetic that entire shows were rewritten for her

• Hayden Panettiere obituary

Hayden Panettiere, the actor known for her roles in television shows such as Heroes and Nashville, has died at the age of 36.

Panettiere’s death was confirmed in a statement from her representative to the Guardian on Sunday night, after it was first reported on US network ABC News. No cause of death was given.

Panettiere’s death was announced by her father, who called her ‘an incredible light and a force of nature who brought immeasurable love and joy’

• Hayden Panettiere – a life in pictures

Hayden Panettiere, the actor known for her roles in television shows such as Heroes and Nashville, has died at the age of 36.

Panettiere’s death was confirmed in a statement from her representative to the Guardian on Sunday night, after it was first reported on US network ABC News. No cause of death was given.

Exclusive: With no appointment needed and a relaxed environment, bus clinic encourages more women to be checked

It’s 10am on one of the main pedestrian shopping streets in Warrington, and already there’s a queue of women outside a small bus the size of a supermarket delivery van. While some look calm, others are visibly nervous. This is no mobile library, post office or coffee truck – but one providing far more intimate services: cervical screening.

The bus feels surprisingly spacious. There’s a consultation area with room for the nurses, patients and anyone accompanying them to talk. Behind it, a separate room holds a bed, room to get changed and storage for all the clinical equipment. Purple lighting, smart decor and spa music add to the minimalist ambience.

Guardian investigation finds apparent discrepancy between what tech company has said about its AI capacity – and the number of advanced chips it has in operation

The chips are quite small and some can be held in the palm of a hand. They are fundamental to the development of artificial intelligence models – and the world’s biggest technology companies need vast numbers of them to keep ahead.

Microsoft is one of them. And, on paper, it seems to have a problem. A Guardian investigation has found an apparent discrepancy between what the company has said about its AI capacity – and the number of advanced AI chips it has in operation.

Fierce competition in some areas of London means landlord purchasers are making successful lowball offers

The average price of a home coming up for sale in Britain’s richest borough has dropped by almost £100,000 in a month as fierce competition among sellers in many areas prompts some to slash their price expectations, data shows.

The property website Rightmove said that for Britain as a whole, average newly listed asking prices for homes had fallen by 2% over the past month, the largest August price drop in eight years.